Lazarus实战开发之串口通信(WINCE/WIN32)

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关键词: WINCE,WIN32,串口通信,Lazarus

      Lazarus最吸引人的地方就是她的开发方式类似Delphi,支持超好用的RAD开发方式,并且最厉害的地方是她还支持多个平台,多个CPU,例如ARM9的WINCE。

      本文要讲述的就是“如何使用LAZARUS开发Wince上的串口程序”,并且,本文的串口程序同时支持WINCE和WINXP系统,当然编译时要选择平台啦。WINCE与WINXP在本文中的代码区别只是OpenPort(‘COM1:’,CBR_9600,8,NOPARITY,ONESTOPBIT);//wince用COM1:表示串口1;WINXP用COM1表示串口1.

      一、建立一个可重用的类,文件名为CE_Series.pas:

      unit CE_Series;

      interface

      uses

      Windows,Classes, SysUtils, LResources, StdCtrls,ExtCtrls;

      type

      TCE_Series = class(TObject)

      private

      hComm: THandle;

      public

      Function OpenPort(Port:LPCWSTR;BaudRate,ByteSize,Parity,StopBits:integer):String;

      procedure Send(str:String);

      Function Receive():String;

      procedure ClosePort();

      end;

      implementation

      //===============================================================================================

      // 语法格式:OpenPort(Port:LPCWSTR;BaudRate,ByteSize,Parity,StopBits:integer)

      // 实现功能:打开串口

      // 参数:port,串口号;例如wince下为从COM1:,COM2:。..。.win32下为COM1,COM2.。..。.. ;其他略,顾名思义哈

      // 返回值:错误信息

      //===============================================================================================

      function TCE_Series.OpenPort(Port:LPCWSTR;BaudRate,ByteSize,Parity,StopBits:integer):String;

      var

      cc:TCOMMCONFIG;

      begin

      result:=‘’;

      hComm:=CreateFile(port, GENERIC_READ or GENERIC_WRITE,

      0, nil, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0); // 打开COM

      if (hComm = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) then begin // 如果COM 未打开

      result:=‘CreateFile Error!’;

      exit;

      end;

      GetCommState(hComm,cc.dcb); // 得知目前COM 的状态

      cc.dcb.BaudRate:=BaudRate; // 设置波特率为BaudRate

      cc.dcb.ByteSize:=ByteSize; // 字节为 ByteSize(8 bit)

      cc.dcb.Parity:=Parity; // Parity 为 None

      cc.dcb.StopBits:=StopBits; // 1 个Stop bit

      if not SetCommState(hComm, cc.dcb) then begin// 设置COM 的状态

      result:=‘SetCommState Error!’;

      CloseHandle(hComm);

      exit;

      end;

      end;

      //===============================================================================================

      // 语法格式:Send(str:String)

      // 实现功能:发送数据

      // 参数:str,数据

      // 返回值:无

      //===============================================================================================

      procedure TCE_Series.Send(str:String);

      var

      lrc:LongWord;

      begin

      if (hComm=0) then exit; //检查Handle值

      WriteFile(hComm,str,Length(str), lrc, nil); // 送出数据

      end;

      //=====================================================================

      //语法格式: Receive()

      //实现功能: 接收串口数据

      //参数: 无

      //返回值: 收到的字符串

      //=====================================================================

      Function TCE_Series.Receive():String;

      var

      inbuff: array[0..2047] of Char;

      nBytesRead, dwError:LongWORD ;

      cs:TCOMSTAT;

      begin

      ClearCommError(hComm,dwError,@CS); //取得状态

      // 数据是否大于我们所准备的Buffer

      if cs.cbInQue 》 sizeof(inbuff) then begin

      PurgeComm(hComm, PURGE_RXCLEAR); // 清除COM 数据

      exit;

      end;

      ReadFile(hComm, inbuff,cs.cbInQue,nBytesRead,nil); // 接收COM 的数据

      //转移数据到变量中

      result:=Copy(inbuff,1,cs.cbInQue);//返回数据

      end;

      //=====================================================================

      //语法格式: ClosePort()

      //实现功能:关闭串口

      //参数: 无

      //返回值: 无

      //=====================================================================

      procedure TCE_Series.ClosePort();

      begin

      SetCommMask(hcomm,$0);

      CloseHandle(hComm);

      end;

      end.

      二、写调用程序演示如何使用这个类,请自行加入控件,所用的控件不多:

      unit Unit1;

      {$mode objfpc}{$H+}

      interface

      uses

      Windows,Classes, SysUtils, LResources, Forms, Controls, Graphics, Dialogs, StdCtrls,ExtCtrls

      ,CE_Series;

      type

      { TForm1 }

      TForm1 = class(TForm)

      btn_OpenPort: TButton;

      btn_ClosePort: TButton;

      btn_Send: TButton;

      edt_Receive: TMemo;

      GroupBox1: TGroupBox;

      edt_Send: TMemo;

      GroupBox2: TGroupBox;

      Timer1: TTimer;

      procedure btn_ClosePortClick(Sender: TObject);

      procedure btn_OpenPortClick(Sender: TObject);

      procedure btn_SendClick(Sender: TObject);

      procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);

      private

      { private declarations }

      public

      { public declarations }

      end;

      var

      Form1: TForm1;

      myseries:TCE_Series;

      implementation

      { TForm1 }

      procedure TForm1.btn_OpenPortClick(Sender: TObject);

      begin

      myseries:=TCE_Series.Create;

      myseries.OpenPort(‘COM1:’,CBR_9600,8,NOPARITY,ONESTOPBIT);

      Timer1.Enabled:=true;

      end;

      procedure TForm1.btn_SendClick(Sender: TObject);

      begin

      myseries.Send(edt_Send.Text);

      end;

      procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); //用Timer定时接收数据

      var

      receive:string;

      begin

      receive:=myseries.Receive();

      if receive《》‘’ then

      begin

      edt_Receive.Lines.Add(receive); // 将数据显示于edt_Receive 上

      end;

      end;

      procedure TForm1.btn_ClosePortClick(Sender: TObject);

      begin

      Timer1.Enabled:=false;

      myseries.ClosePort();

      close;

      end;

      initialization

      {$I unit1.lrs}

      end.

     

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